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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    Positioning method relative to a coordinating communication unit (50) of a group of subordinate communication units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) the method comprising the steps of: transmitting by the coordinating unit (50) each subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) of a specific identification table; emission by each unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) of its signature UWB; analyzing each unit of the UWB signatures received and determining the distances separating that unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) from each of the other units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50); transmitting to the coordinating unit (50) by each subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40) the distances separating said subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40) from each of the other units (10, 20, 30, 40). , 50); determining by the coordinating unit (50) the relative positions of the subordinate units (10, 20, 30, 40).
    公开号:FR3027409A1
    申请号:FR1460042
    申请日:2014-10-17
    公开日:2016-04-22
    发明作者:Alain Chiodini；Patrick Sechaud
    申请人:Sagem Defense Securite SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of localization and more particularly the location of mobile communication units during their outdoor deployment, such as the deployment of rescue teams, intervention forces, construction teams or hikers. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A conventional location system uses GPS-based or similar satellite-based GPS receivers (GLONAS, Galileo, which equip the communication units of the members of a group) These GPS receivers make it possible to locate each member. the group in a terrestrial reference system using their latitude, ioni- gation and altitude.The communication units can transmit their positions by radio and thus inform a coordinator of their respective positions.This system however has drawbacks related to the technology. GPS can be rendered inoperative or inaccurate due to environmental factors such as thunderstorms, high humidity or radio interference GPS receivers may also be inoperative in indoor locations such as buildings or facilities The deployment time of a GPS location is related to the time required In order for the GPS receiver to receive signals from a sufficient number of satellites to determine its position, it may take several minutes before a unit can be positioned. Finally, the degraded accuracy of GPS for non-military uses may be inappropriate for certain interventions that require precise location in a building, such as for example fire rescue operations.35 PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION A goal of the invention is to propose a method of relative positioning of communication units that can be deployed quickly and independently of the quality or existence of a coverage by a satellite geolocation system of the area in which are the units. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, there is provided according to the invention, a positioning method relative to a coordinating communication unit of a group of subordinate communication units comprising at least a first, a second, a third and a fourth subordinate communication unit which are movable together and which each comprise a UWB transmitter / receiver and wireless digital communication means with the coordinating unit, each subordinate unit comprising an internal clock synchronized with that of the coordinating unit for defining a period of shared communication, the method comprising the following steps: - during a preparatory phase, transmission by the coordinating unit to each subordinate unit, via the digital wireless communication means, of a table d specific identification comprising an identifier, a UWB signature and a delay on transmission, and unication, via the digital wireless communication means, of the identification tables of each unit to the other subordinate units; and, during an operating phase, transmission by each unit of its UWB signature, this emission being carried out after the flow, counted from the beginning of the communication period, of the delay of emission delay; analysis by each unit of the UWB signatures issued by the other units and determination of the distances separating this unit from each of the other units; transmission to the coordinating unit by each subordinate unit of the distances separating this subordinate unit from each of the other units, this transmission being done by means of the wireless digital communication means; - determination by the coordinating unit of the relative positions of the subordinate units. This method makes it possible to determine the position of mobile communication units between them without having to resort to fixed beacon installations or the availability of satellite coverage, which allows a rapid deployment of the communication units on unknown terrain. , using lightweight, portable equipment. The invention also relates to a positioning device comprising data processing means and storage means, an internal clock provided with means for synchronizing it, a UWB transmitter / receiver and wireless digital communication means, the device being arranged to implement the method according to the invention. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of particular non-limiting embodiments of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Reference will be made to the appended drawings, among which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the communication units according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the time division of communications between the communication units of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a logic diagram showing the steps of a first embodiment of the positioning method according to the invention; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the exchanges between the communication units of Figure 1; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the identification tables of the communication units of FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the UWB signature of one of the communication units of FIG. 1; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the exchanges between the communication units according to a particular embodiment; FIG. 8 is a logic diagram showing the steps of a particular embodiment of the positioning method according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, the positioning method according to the invention is described in application to the relative positioning of a group of four subordinate communication units comprising a first unit 10, a second unit 20, a unit third unit 30 and a fourth unit 40 with respect to a coordinating communication unit 50.
    [0002] The unit 50 includes an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) transmitter / receiver 51, a Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephone (DECT) 52 / receiver and a GPS receiver 53 all connected to a remote control unit. data processing 54 comprising a microcontroller 55 whose operation is clocked by an internal clock 56 as well as a memory 57. The first unit 10 comprises a UWB transmitter / receiver 11, a DECT transceiver 12, a GPS receiver 13 and a controller 14 data processing unit comprising an internal clock 15, a micro-16 and a memory 17 second unit 20, the third unit 30 and the unit 40 each comprise a transmitter UWB receiver 21 (respectively 31 and 41), a DECT transmitter / receiver 22 (respectively 32 and 42), a GPS receiver 23 (respectively 33 and 43) and a data processing unit 24 (34 respectively). 44) comprising a horlo internal age 25 (respectively 35 and 45), a microcontroller 26 (respectively 36 and 46) and a memory 27 (respectively 37 and 47). The processing unit 14 of the unit 10 comprises four predictive filters of the "Kalman filter" type 18.20, 18.30, 18.40 and 18.50 respectively dedicated to the estimation and smoothing of the distances D10-20, D10-30, D10- 40 and D10-50 separating the unit 10 units 20, 30, 40 and 50. The acquisition of these measures will be detailed later. The use of such predictive filters enables the unit 10 to produce, at all times, an optimized estimate of the distances which takes into account, in particular, the moment at which each of the distance measurements D10-20, D10-30 took place. , D10-40 and D10-50. The processing units 24, 34, 44 and 54 are also provided with predictive filters dedicated to the estimation and smoothing of the distances separating the units 20, 30, 40 and 50 from the other units 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50. The units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 are autonomous in energy and, therefore, mobile. The communication between the units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 is carried out using the DECT transceivers 12, 22, 32, 42 and 52 in a time division multiple access (TDMA) multiplexing mode. over a period of shared communication called frame 60 repeating itself cyclically and whose duration is fixed and known from each communication unit (FIG. 2). Each unit 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 has a common time reference TO corresponding to the beginning of a frame 60. This temporal reference TO is kept synchronous between the units by the cyclic transmission by the unit 50. a DECT synchronization signal 61. The units 10, 20, 30 and 40 synchronize their respective internal clocks 15, 25, 35 and 45 on this synchronization signal 61. The unit 50 synchronizes, in turn, its own internal clock 56 on the internal clock of the GPS satellite system from which it receives the signals. The units 10, 20, 30 and 40 also use, for the synchronization of their respective internal clocks 15, 25, 35 and 45, the reference signal from their respective GPS receivers 13, 23, 33 and 43 when these They are able to capture a GPS signal. The synchronization signal 61 makes it possible, if necessary, to synchronize the units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 with each other. According to a first embodiment of the invention and with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the Subordinate units 10, 20, 30 and 40 are inside a closed structure, here a building 80, and the unit 50 is located outside the building 80. During a preparatory phase 100 , the coordinating unit 50 sends a DECT signal 62 (symbolized by a solid line arrow) to the attention of the first unit 10 transmitting, for allocation, an identification table 19 specific to the unit 10. identification table 19 comprises the following elements: an identifier ID10, a signature UWB SIG10 and a delay time on transmission RE10. The identifier ID10 corresponds, here, to an integer. The signature UWB ID10 is represented in FIG. 6 and consists of a non-periodic pulse train of duration Ts formed of eight ultra-short pulses 81 of unit duration 1, here equal to 0.5 nanosecond. The transmission delay time RE10 corresponds to the duration, here equal to one millisecond, separating the common temporal reference TO marking the start of the frame 60 and the beginning of the transmission by the unit 10 of the signature UWB SIG10. . The DECT signal 62 also comprises, for information, the identification tables 29, 39, 49 and 59 of the units 20, 30, 40 and 50. These identification tables 29, 39, 49 and 59 comprise the identifiers ID20, ID30 , ID40 and ID50, the UWB signatures SIG20, SIG30, SIG40 and SIG50 as well as the respective RE20, RE30, RE40 and RE50 emission delay times of the units 20, 30, 40 and 50. The values of the durations of RE20, RE30, RE40 and RE50 are two, three, four and five milliseconds respectively. A DECT signal 63 is then transmitted by the coordinating communication unit 50 to the subordinate communication unit 20 and comprises the identification table 29 for assignment as well as the identification tables 19, 39, 49 and 59 for information. Following the DECT signal 63, a DECT signal 64 is transmitted by the coordinating communication unit 50 to the subordinate communication unit 30 and comprises the identification table 39 for allocation as well as the data tables. identification 19, 29, 49 and 59 for information. Following the DECT signal 64, a DECT signal 65 is sent by the coordinating communication unit 50 to the subordinate communication unit 40 and comprises the identification table 49 for assignment as well as the data tables. identification 19, 29, 39 and 59 for information.
    [0003] Each unit 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 then has means for identifying the UWB signatures of the other units. The RE10, RE20, RE30, RE40 and RE50 emission delay times make it possible to avoid a "collision" of UWB SIG10, SIG20, SIG30, SIG40 and SIG50 signatures from the 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 units. A "collision" of emissions is a situation in which two units issue their signatures over overlapping periods, which prevents both units from receiving the signal from the other and may also interfere with the reception of the signals. signals by other units. According to a preliminary step 101 for determining the relative position of the first unit 10 with respect to the unit 50, the unit 10 is positioned at a reference point 82 of the building 80. The unit 50 knows the precise position. reference point 82 with GPS coordinates. The unit 10 may, for example, be accurately positioned on the reference point 82 using a plane of the building 80.
    [0004] The positioning method relative to the unit 50 according to the invention then enters a phase of operation comprising a step 102 in which the unit 10 transmits its signature UWB SIG10 using the UWB transceiver 11. The signature 5IG10 is shown in broken lines in FIG. 4. This emission, labeled 66, is made after the flow, counted from the common time reference TO marking the start of the frame 60, of the delay time on transmission. RE10.
    [0005] The signature UWB SIG10 is received by the respective UWB transmitters / receivers 21, 31, 41 and 51 of the units 20, 30, 40 and 50 (step 103) which analyze these signals and then determine the distance D20-10 separating it. unit 20 of the unit 10 as well as the distances D30-10, D40-10 and D50-10 respectively separating the units 30, 40 and 50 from the unit 10 (step 104). The reception of the signal SIG10 by the units 20, 30, 40 and 50 is also accompanied by the measurement and the recording, by each receiving unit 20, 30, 40 and 50, of the power received from it. (Received Signal Strength Indica- tion). The power measurements RSSI20-10, RSSI30-10 RSSI40-10 and RSSI50-10 correspond to the reception powers of the signal UWB SIG10 measured respectively by the units 20, 30, 40 and 50 are stored by each receiver unit. Methods for determining distances using UWB signals are known to those skilled in the art. This determination is made here by measuring the propagation time of the UWB signal. In step 105, the unit 20 transmits its signature UWB SIG20 using the transmitter / receiver UWB 21. This emission, referenced 67, is done after flow, counted from TO, the duration of delay in RE20 transmission. The UWB signature SIG20 is received by the respective transceivers 11, 31, 41 and 51 of the units 10, 30, 40 and 50 (step 106). These units then determine the distances D10-20, D30-20, D40-20 and D50-20 respectively separating units 10, 30, 40 and 50 from unit 20 (step 107). The units 10, 30, 40 and 50 respectively measure and record the reception powers RSSI10-20, RSSI30-20 RSSI40-20 and RSSI50-20 of the signal 67. The steps 108 to 116 consist of the repetition of the steps 102 to 107 applied to the issuance of signatures UWB SIG 30, SIG40 and SIG50 in the form of signals marked 68, 69 and 70 by the communication units 30, 40 and 50 as well as the determination of the following distances: D10-30, D20- 30, D40-30, D50-30, D10-40, D20-40, D30-40, D50-40, D10-50, D20-50, D30-50 and D40-50. In the same way, the communication units record the reception powers associated with each distance measurement. The distances D10-20, D10-30, D10-40 and D10-50 are stored in the memory 17 of the unit 10. Similarly, the distances separating each unit from the other units are stored in their respective memories 27 , 37, 47 and 57. Steps 102 to 116 are then repeated (here four times) and units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 use the new distance determinations to inform the dedicated predictive filters of the processing units 14, 24, 34, 44 and 54 and refine the estimates of the distances separating them from the other units. These estimates are then transmitted to the unit 50 by DECT signal. The unit 10 transmits the distances D10-20, D10-30, D10-40 and D10-50 to the unit 50 by means of a DECT signal 71 (step 117) after flow, counted from the reference common time TO, of the RE10 emission delay time. The units 20, 30 and 40 similarly transmit their distance estimates to the unit 50 respectively with the aid of the DECT signals 72, 73 and 74 (steps 118 to 120). On the basis of this information, the coordinating unit 50 determines by means of cross-checks distances according to a method similar to triangulation, the relative positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 with respect to the unit 50. This determination can, for example, be done in the following manner. A plane orthogonal reference (0, x, y) is attached to the unit 50. The coordinates in this frame of the unit 10 are (X10, Y10), those of the unit 20 are (X20, Y20) those of unit 30 are (X30, Y30), those of unit 40 (X40, Y40) and those of unit 50 are (X50, Y50). Thus, we obtain the following system of equations: D10-20 = ((X20-X10) 2+ (Y20-Y10) 2) ^ (1/2); D10-30 = ((X30-X10) 2+ (Y30-Y10) 2) ((1/2); D10-40 = ((X40-X10) 2+ (Y40-Y10) 2) A (1/2); D10-50 = ((X50-X10) 2+ (Y50-Y10) 2) ((1/2); D20-30 = ((X20-X30) 2+ (Y20-Y30) 2) ((1/2) D20-40 = ((X20-X40) 2+ (Y20-Y40) 2) ((1/2) D20-50 = ((X20-X50) 2+ (Y20-Y50) 2) ((1/2); D30-40- ((X30-X40) 2+ (Y30-Y40) 2) (1/2); D30-50 = ((X30-X50) 2+ (Y30-Y50) 2) ((1/2); D40-50- ((X40-X50) 2+ (Y40-Y50) 2) ^ (1/2). The distances between two units are obtained by filtering and combining the measurements made by each of the units concerned. For example, the distance D10- 20 is determined by averaging the distance D10-20 measured by the unit 10 and the distance D20-10 measured by the unit 20. In the case where the position of the unit 10 relative to the unit 50 is known, and where the units are said to be all in the same horizontal plane, the coordinating unit 50 can determine the positions of the units 20, 30 and 40 relative to its position (step 121). ) by solving the system of previous equations which then comprises ten equations with six unknowns. The resolution methods, in particular by substitution, of such a system are known to those skilled in the art. The relative positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 with respect to the unit 50 are therefore known by their coordinates in the plane orthogonal coordinate system (0, x, y) linked to the unit 50. The unit 50 being provided with of a GPS receiver 53, the latter determines its GPS coordinates in a terrestrial reference system and proceeds to the determination of the position of the units 20, 30 and 40 in the same terrestrial reference system by a reference change, for example using a passing matrix (step 122). Thus, the positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 in a terrestrial frame of reference can be determined even though the GPS receivers of these units are not able to receive a usable GPS signal.
    [0006] The positions of the units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 are then diffused by a CECI signal 75 sent by the unit 50 to the attention of all the other units (step 123). According to a second embodiment, the units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 each comprise an altimeter and the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 also transmit to the unit 50 the altitude measured using the transmitters. DECT receivers 12, 22, 32 and 42. The unit 50 can then determine, in addition to their relative positions in plan, the relative height of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40. This gives a three-dimensional positioning method of 10, 20, 30 and 40 relative to the unit 50. A third embodiment of the invention is now described in which only the prior step of determining the relative position of the first unit 10 relative to the unit 50 is different. According to this step 141 of determining the relative position of the first unit 10 with respect to the unit 50, the unit 10 located inside the building 80 remains stationary while the unit 50 is moving while realizing regular measurements of the distances D50-10 and 010-50 separating the unit 10 from the unit 50. These measurements are carried out by transmitting and receiving the signatures 5IG10 and SIG50 by the units 10 and 50. For each position of At unit 50, the data processing unit 54 stores the GPS coordinates of the unit 50 in the ground reference system as well as the distances D10-50 and D50-10 associated therewith. The data processing unit 54 can then determine by triangulation the position of the unit 10 in the terrestrial reference system. Steps 100 and 102 to 122 of the process remain unchanged. The steps which are identical or similar to that of the method described above will bear an identical numerical reference in the following description of a fourth embodiment of the invention. This fourth embodiment applies in particular to situations in which the coordinates of the unit 10 are not determinable during the prior phase (step 101 or 141). The processing units 14, 24, 34 and 44 respectively of the subordinate units 10, 20, 30 and 40 are arranged to store the last measured GPS positions. Thus, during a GPS link break, each unit 10, 20, 30 and 40 has in memory its initial position and speed (in the form of a vector), that is to say before the setting in place of the method according to the invention (step prior to step 100). The initial positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 respectively have coordinates (X10init, YlOinit, ZlOinit), (X20init, Y20init, Z20init), (X30init, Y3Oinit, Z30init), (X40init, Y40init, Z40init ). The initial speeds of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 are respectively denoted VlOinit, V20init, V30init, V40init. With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, after the step 100 of sending the tables by the unit 50, each unit 10, 20, 30 and 40 transmits respectively via a DECT signal 201, 202, 203 and 204 its coordinates and speeds half-way to unit 50 (step 200). The positioning method continues in accordance with steps 102 to 120. The initial coordinates of the units 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 are used by the processing unit 54 to calculate the initial distances D10-20init, D10-30init , D10-40init, D10-50init, D20-30init, D20-40init, D20-50init, D30-40init and D40-50init. The step 221 for determining the coordinates of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 is performed by minimizing the following cost function C1: C1kk, Zk = in which: xk, Yk and zk are the coordinates of the unit k whose aim is to determine the position in the reference (0, X, Y, Z) linked to the unit 50; - d, is the distance separating the unit k from the unit n - x ', Yn and z' are the coordinates of the unit n separated by the distance d, of the unit k; w 'is a weighting coefficient related to the measurement of the power in reception of the signal coming from the node of index n. w, is therefore a function of RSSIk (n). For the first determination, the initial values of the variables xk, yk, zk as well as the distances d, correspond to the initial coordinates of the units as well as to their initial distances. The extremum of the function C1 corresponds to the sought position and is obtained by solving the following system of equations: Let: azk Xk, Yk, Zk) axk - x ') - 2, aclr Yk Yk, - k - 1.1Zk This nonlinear system can be solved by means of the following equations: ## EQU1 ## where: ## STR1 ## Newton-Raphson's iterative method: Put Fi (xk, Yk, zk f, (xk, yk, zk) - -cu () c Y z axk 1 "k) ka fyl (yk, yk zk) (yk, zk) aYk OC1 fZ1 (XiC) Yk, Zk) tf yk, yk, z0 uzk The triplet (xk, Yk, zk) satisfying F1 (xk, 31kizk (0,0,0) is obtained iteratively from a value initial (ixkiYk, z0o corresponding to the initial values (for example (X10init, YlOinit, ZlOinit) in the case of an application to the determination of the position of the unit 10) as follows: (Xk) p.fi (X1c) p - ((xk) p) F1 ((xk) p) Where (Xk) (XkYky-Z0p, (Xit) p-1-1 = - (Xic, 37k, Zk ri is the inverse of the associated Jacobian matrix at F1 and evaluated at point (xk, '37k, Zk aafx lyx, afa fi ) Y aXk ayk af.1 ae aXk ayk With: 20 When the difference A = 11 (4) p + i (the symbol 11-fl designates the Euclidean norm) becomes lower than a predetermined value E then the iterative process is stopped. The simulations show that the convergence for a value E = 10-15 is ensured after a number of iterations less than fifteen. By this method, the coordinates, and therefore the relative positions, of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 are calculated by the processing unit 54 of the unit 50 (step 221). The processing unit 54 also calculates the speed of each subordinate unit 10, 20, 30 and 40. These data (positions and velocities) are then input into a Kalman predictive filter 59 of the processing unit 54. Kalman filter 59 then produces an estimate of the positions of each subordinate unit relative to unit 50 (step 222). The step 122 of determining the position of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 in the terrestrial frame using the GPS coordinates of the unit 50 is then performed. The positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 are then broadcast (step 122) by the unit 50 to the other units: The minimization of the following cost function C: C, (xkftyk, z0 ((xk -) - ( Yk - Y.) (z -) cliEDZ n = k which implements the same parameters as Cl also allows to determine the positions of the units 10, 20, 30 and 40 relative to the unit 50. Extremities of this function are performed by applying the same method as for the function Cl. Thus, the extremum of the function C2 is obtained by solving the following system of equations: (x), z,) = O axk a c2% .xk, Yk, zk) = `137k ac, k, Yk, zk) ° - azi, Let: 0 = 0 - 4) = This nonlinear system can be solved using Newton-Raphson's iterative method : (xlvYkiz,) - = '(x ax ;: kk 2 (xk, Yk, zk) = Czkaik, zk) aYk ac, CtkiYk, z0 = "" (xxvYk, zk) Let's set F2 (xk, y7k, z) The triplet (xk, 377.tizk) satisfying F2 (Xk, yk, Zk = (0,0,0) is obtained iteratively from an initial value (xk, -Yk, z0a corresponding to the initial values (for example (X10init, YlOinit, ZlOinit) in the case of an application to the determination of the position of the unit 10) as follows: (Xk} p '(Xk ) where (X3p = (Xlz, Zk) p, (Xk p + 1 the inverse of the Jacobian matrix associated with 2 and evaluated at the point With: - Y k 1-1 IF, is 20 nrtk af: a xi, f, c2 Yk of: azk I3Xk f YY k 4.2 "1Y, ak af" .2 do axk fz2 yk nxk to Zle Yn.) (Xk -) 2 + 3 (Yk Yn 2 Yn) - Zn) (Xk) (Yk Yn) -) 2 + (Yk Yn) 2 + 3 (Zk 3 (x - x 'n; tk - xn) (Yk-) n - 4) When the difference A = (X0p + i- (X0p (the symbol 111 designates the Euclidean norm) becomes lower than a predetermined value E then the iterative process is stopped. The simulations show that the convergence for a value E = 10-15 is ensured after a number of iterations less than fifteen. According to a particular embodiment, the subordinate units 10, 20, 30 and 40 remain in the GPS reception state and transmit their GPS position to the unit 50 when they are able to determine it. These positions are accompanied by an indicator representative of the quality of the received GPS signals. This indicator may correspond in particular to the RSSI measurement of the power of the received GPS signal. The processing unit 54 hybridizes these GPS position measurements, weighted by a coefficient obtained from the RSSI measured for each position, with the estimates produced by the Kalman filter 59 to update the estimate of the position of the units concerned. .
    [0007] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described but encompasses any variant within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims. In particular: - although here, the values used to determine an initial value making it possible to minimize the cost functions C1 or C2 by iteration correspond to the last GPS positions recorded by each unit, the invention also applies to other types of initial values, especially in the absence of recent GPS reception by the units. These initial values may, for example be chosen as being the center of gravity of the other units, weighted or not by a coefficient obtained from the RSSI values; Although here the operations of minimizing the cost functions Ci and C involve the iterative method of Newton-Raphson, the invention also applies to the implementation of other types of mathematical method of resolution, iterative or not; although here the subordinate and coordinating communication units comprise a DECT transceiver, the invention also applies to communication units comprising other wireless communication means, for example communication means according to WIFI, bluetooth standards or using infrared or ultrasonic channels; although here the subordinate and coordinating communication units comprise a GPS receiver, the invention also applies to communication units comprising other geolocation means such as, for example, receivers for the satellite system. - tellites: GLONASS or GALILEO; although here the communication units are provided with a GPS receiver, the invention also applies to communication units without such receivers; although here the subordinate and coordinating communication units comprise a microcontroller, the invention also applies to communication units comprising other data processing means such as for example a microprocessor; - Although here the identifiers of the communication units are integers, the invention also applies to other types of identifiers such as bytes encoding letters, or pulse trains; - although here the UWB signatures consist of a non-periodic pulse train formed of eight ultrafast pulses with a unit duration equal to 0.5 nanoseconds, the invention also applies to other UWB signature types. as for example pulse trains comprising a different number of pulses, or comprising pulses of varying durations, which can range from 100 picoseconds to 2.5 nanoseconds; although here the transmission of the distances measured by the subordinate units to the coordinating unit is carried out after the emission delays have elapsed, the invention also applies to a transmission of the measured distances effected after the flow. periods other than those corresponding to the issue delays attributed to each subordinate unit; Although here the distance measurements between units are carried out four times before being transmitted to the coordinating unit, the invention also applies to a different number of distance measurements before transmission to the coordinating unit. as for example once, two, three or more than four; - although here, the transmission of the positions of the subordinate units by the coordinating unit is effected after determination of their respective positions in a terrestrial reference system, the invention also applies to a transmission of the relative positions of the subordinate units by the coordinating unit before determining their respective positions in a terrestrial reference; although here, the units determine their altimetry altitude, the invention also applies to other means of altitude evaluation, such as for example a barometric sensor; although here the coordinating unit is outside a building in which the subordinate units operate, the invention also applies to coordinating and subordinate units all located in a building or outside.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Positioning method relating to a coordinating communication unit (50) of a group of subordinate communication units comprising at least a first (10), a second (20), a third (30) and a fourth (40) unit communicating with each other, each of which comprises a UWB transmitter / receiver (11, 21, 31, 41, 51) and digital wireless communication means (12, 22, 32, 42, 52) with the coordinating unit (50), each subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40) comprising an internal clock (15, 25, 35, 45) synchronized with that of the coordinating unit (56) for defining a communication period shared (60), the method comprising the following steps: - in a preparatory phase (100), transmission by the coordinating unit (50) to each subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40 ), via the digital wireless communication means (12, 22, 32, 42, 52), a special identification table ifique (19, 29, 39, 49, 59) comprising an identifier (ID10, ID20, ID30, ID40, ID50), a signature UWB (SIG10, SIG20, SIG30, SIG40, SIG50) and a delay time on transmission (RE10, RE20, RE30, RE40), and communicating, via the digital wireless communication means (12, 22, 32, 42, 52), identification tables (19, 29, 39, 49, 59) of each unit to the other subordinate units (10, 20, 30, 40); and, during an operating phase, - emission by each unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) of its signature UWB (SIG10, SIG20, SIG30, SIG40, SIG50), this emission being carried out after the flow, counted from the start (TO) of the communication period (60), the transmission delay time (RE10, RE20, RE30, RE40) - analysis by each unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) UWB signatures (SIG10, SIG20, SIG30, SIG40, SIG50) transmitted by the other units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) and distance determination (D10-20, D10-30, D10-40, D10 - 50, D20-10, D20-30, D20-40, D20-50, D30-10, D30-20, D30-40, D30-50, D40-10, D40-20, D40-30, D40-50 , D50-10, D5020, D50-30, D50-40) separating this unit (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) from each of the other units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50); transmitting to the coordinating unit (50) by each subordinate unit (10, 20, 30, 40) the distances (D10-20, D10-30, D10-40, D10-50, D20-10, D20-30, D20-40, D20-50, D30-10, D30-20, D30-40, D30-50, D40-10, D40-20, D40-30, D40-50) separating this subordinate unit (10, 20, 30 , 40) of each of the other units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50), this transmission being effected by means of the digital wireless communication means (12, 22, 32, 42, 52); determination by the coordinating unit (50) of the relative positions of the subordinate units (10, 20, 30, 40).
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, wherein, the coordinating unit having means of its geolocation in a terrestrial frame of reference, the method comprises the additional step (122) of determining the relative positions of the subordinate units (10, 20). , 30, 40) with respect to a terrestrial reference.
    [0003]
    Method according to claim 1, comprising a prior step (101) of determining the relative position of a subordinate unit (10) with respect to the coordinating unit (50) in which the subordinate unit (10) is positioned at a reference point (82) whose relative position with respect to the coordinating unit (50) is known.
    [0004]
    The positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining by the coordinator unit (50) the relative positions of the subordinate units (10, 20, 30, 40) comprises a step of optimizing a function. cost (Ci, C2) corresponding to one of the following expressions: ## EQU1 ## where: xk, yk and zk are the coordinates of the unit k whose position is sought to determine in the reference (0, X, Y, Z) linked to the unit 50; - dr, is the distance separating the unit k from the unit n; - xn, Yn and zn are the coordinates of the unit n separated by the distance dn of the unit k; wn is a weighting coefficient related to the measurement of the power received by the signal from the node of index n.
    [0005]
    5. A method according to claim 1 comprising a prior step of determining the relative position of a subordinate unit (10) with respect to the coordinating unit (50) in which the subordinate unit (10) remains stationary. the coordinating unit (50) moves around an area in which the subordinate unit (10) is located, and determines the position of the subordinate unit by triangulation using UWB transmissions.
    [0006]
    The method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronization of the internal clocks (15, 25, 35, 45) of the subordinate units (10, 20, 30, 40) is effected by means of the periodic transmission by the coordinating unit (50) of a synchronization signal (61).
    [0007]
    7. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmission of the synchronization signal (61) is done using the wireless communication means (51).
    [0008]
    The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein, the coordinator unit (50) being provided with a GPS receiver (53), the internal clock (56) of the main unit (50) corresponds to that of the GPS receiver (53).
    [0009]
    The method of claim 1, wherein the units (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) including altitude evaluation means, the method comprises the further step of determining the altitudes of the subordinate units (10). , 20, 30, 40) relative to the coordinating unit (50).
    [0010]
    Positioning device (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) comprising data processing means (16, 26, 36, 46, 55) and memory means (17, 27, 37, 47, 57) , an internal clock (15, 25, 35, 45, 56) provided with means for synchronizing it, a UWB transmitter / receiver (11, 21, 31, 41, 51) and wireless digital communication means (12, 22). , 32, 42, 52), the device (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) being characterized in that it is arranged to implement the method according to claim 1.
    [0011]
    Positioning device (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) according to claim 10 comprising a GPS receiver (13, 23, 33, 43, 53).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IL251764D0|2017-06-29|
    US9829562B2|2017-11-28|
    IL251764A|2021-01-31|
    WO2016059189A1|2016-04-21|
    RU2660839C1|2018-07-10|
    FR3027409B1|2021-01-08|
    EP3207400A1|2017-08-23|
    US20170242094A1|2017-08-24|
    EP3207400B1|2020-10-14|
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    法律状态:
    2015-09-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-04-22| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160422 |
    2016-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-02-17| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN ELECTRONICS & DEFENSE, FR Effective date: 20170111 |
    2017-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-09-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1460042A|FR3027409B1|2014-10-17|2014-10-17|METHOD FOR THE GEOLOCATION OF MOBILE UNITS EVOLVING WITHIN A CLOSED STRUCTURE|FR1460042A| FR3027409B1|2014-10-17|2014-10-17|METHOD FOR THE GEOLOCATION OF MOBILE UNITS EVOLVING WITHIN A CLOSED STRUCTURE|
    RU2017116960A| RU2660839C1|2014-10-17|2015-10-15|Moving inside the closed structure mobile devices geo-positioning method|
    EP15783982.0A| EP3207400B1|2014-10-17|2015-10-15|Method for geopositioning mobile units moving around inside a closed structure|
    PCT/EP2015/073951| WO2016059189A1|2014-10-17|2015-10-15|Method for geopositioning mobile units moving around inside a closed structure|
    US15/519,469| US9829562B2|2014-10-17|2015-10-15|Method for geopositioning mobile units moving around inside a closed structure|
    IL251764A| IL251764A|2014-10-17|2017-04-18|Method for geopositioning mobile units moving around inside a closed structure|
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